Section I - Brief History of CUPA, its aims and objectives

Primary Objective:

• Crystal Rogers founded CUPA in 1991. The primary objective of CUPA is to provide relief to animals round the clock through medical facilities and handling cases of cruelties inflicted on animals.

Secondary Objective:

• Provide shelter for animals round the clock with special features and facilities offered by the shelter and clinic for all types of animals include x-ray, laboratory facilities, grooming, boarding, ambulance service, sterilisation programme of street dogs, rescue of wildlife.

• CUPA’s out-reach programmes extends beyond limits of urban Bangalore, and comprises of -

* Large Animal health Camps in rural & urban areas
* Anti-Rabies vaccination camps
* Humane Education & Canine Therapy Programmes
* Care & Rehabilitation for captive elephants

• Lobby for animal rights at National & International levels.

Organization’s goals:

• To work with owners of load bearing animals to facilitate awareness and modify working conditions.
• To provide a much needed modern hospital & shelter on a two-acre facility for large animals.
• To work with Municipal authorities beyond City Corporation limits in humane control of stray animals.
• To provide medical aid and ambulance service for animals within and beyond city limits, on a 24-hour basis.
•To provide legal aid for cruelty cases of wild and domestic animals.
• To provide relief to drought affected animals to prevent them being sold for slaughter during intermittent periods of drought in villages.
•To discourage factory farming (to begin with, of poultry) by creating awareness, improving means of animal and poultry transport, lobbying etc.
• To improve captive elephant conditions. Currently working in the field of health care and management to highlight their pathetic plight in temples, circuses and other areas. Final objective would be to bring about a comprehensive policy change for improvement in their living conditions.

From two tiny rooms in the home of its Founder President, Crystal Rogers, in October 1991, CUPA today operates from three centres. More than 10,000 wild and domestic animals pass through its portals and activities range from urban stray dog control to load bearing animal relief centres, from 24 hours, 7 days a week animal shelter and emergency care centre, to rehabilitation of wildlife in their indigenous forest zones.

CUPA is also involved with legal issues protecting the interest and welfare of animals – wild and domestic, in the High Court of Karnataka. It’s columns in local papers have popularized compassion for animals – both stray and pet, making it easier for urban people to adopt homeless animals.

Today, CUPA in Bangalore is synonymous with animal advocacy and welfare. There is an element of personalized care in the busy KVAFSU-CUPA Animal Shelter at Hebbal for stray, abused, owned or abandoned animals.

CUPA provides a range of services for animals in need. Shelter facilities are open for 24 hours with ambulance service. The ambulance attends 2000 cases involving injured birds and animals every month.The Clinic & Shelter provide the following services:

•Clinic facilities
•Treatment facilities offered for stray or owned animals through day and night.
•X-Ray facility for all animals
•Laboratory facilities for effective and quick diagnosis.
•Intensive care facility for animals in serious conditions.
•Adoption facility with pre- and post- adoption checks for abandoned dogs, cats, pups and kittens.
•Well – equipped operation theatre and surgery units for sterilisation of stray dogs.
•State-of-the-art operation theatre handling complicated surgeries for large and small animals.
•Dermatology and boarding facilities for dogs and cats.
•85 kennel spaces to accommodate dogs and housing for other animals.
•Large animal shed for treatment and care.
•Cattery with individual cages for treatment and housing.

* On request from and in collaboration with the Animal Husbandry Department, Karnataka, CUPA provides free anti- rabies vaccination for stray dogs and medications for large animals in nearby semi-urban and rural districts of Karnataka State.

CUPA enjoys the following exemption and status with Govt. of India:

i) Exemption from Income Tax under section 80G of the Indian IT for all donations received.
ii) Provided charitable Status by the Government of India
iii) Registered with the Foreign Contribution Regulation Act to receive donations in foreign currency.

Scope of work of CUPA:

CUPA treats and handles the following number of animals each year:

* 10,000 dogs annually are sterilised and vaccinated against Rabies. 10,000 dogs are re-vaccinated against Rabies.
* 8,000 dogs other than stray dogs, treated.
* 6,000 large animals treated, vaccinated and de-wormed free of charge, in rural and urban areas.
* 500 small mammals, birds and reptiles rescued and rehabilitated.

Reaching out to people through animals:

•The popular Canine Therapy Programme, with its monthly visits, reaches out to approximately 50 specially challenged children of the Shrishti Opportunity School and Vishwas School, in Bangalore. Children, who have not exhibited any progress in months, have responded and reacted positively to the CUPA canine therapists, who visit them regularly.
• Poor farmers, bullock cart owners and rural folk averaging over 1000 in 34 villages look forward to the free medical aid, offered by CUPA, for their cattle.
•Schoolchildren in large numbers from far and near visit the CUPA Shelter and return with biscuits in hand, and happy memories to take home.
• Encouragement is given to members of the public to adopt the street pups, dogs, cats and kittens for which the animals are sterilised and vaccinated free of cost .

Section II – Brief on Trustees & Senior Staff members

A BRIEF RESUME OF TRUSTEES

Trustees of CUPA offer their honorary services to the organisation on a full or part time basis with each in charge of a facet of the organisation.

1. Dr. K. Sreenivasan: - Hon. President - 65 - was the Director General & Inspector General of Police, Karnataka (Retd.). He is a practising advocate and has tremendous insight and foresight in the effective management of the organisation. Dr. Sreenivasan is a humanitarian & sympathetic to the cause of animal welfare.

2. Mrs. Suparna Baksi - Ganguly: - Hon. Vice -President - 46 - is Post Graduate in English Literature. She has been active in the field of animal welfare since her early twenties and is devoted to the cause of animal welfare and protection. She is a Founder Member of CUPA.
She takes care of projects, public relations and communications.

3. Dr. (Mrs) Shiela Rao: - Hon. Treasurer - 49 - is a veterinarian purely for the love of animals. She volunteers her services for taking care of innumerable sick, injured and abandoned animals. Dr. Shiela Rao is also the Founder Member of CUPA. She was the Vice-President of Karuna Animal Welfare Association (formerly SPCA) Bangalore for a year. She is trustee in charge of the CUPA Animal Care Clinic.

4. Mrs. Sanober Z. Bharucha: - Hon. Secretary – 42 - is a teacher by profession for the hearing Impaired as well as for normal children. She is devoted to the cause of animal welfare and her strength lies in the administrative field of liaison & correspondence. She is also an expert in wildlife neo-natal care. She takes care of the CUPA ABC Centre-Municipal Dog Pound.

5. Miss Sudha Narayanan: - Hon. Joint Secretary - 42 - is in the Income Tax Dept., Govt. of India. She devotes her spare time at the CUPA Shelter. She reaches out to all animals in distress especially those involved in cases of cruelty. Her newspaper columns are well known and have helped to publicise aspects of animal care and welfare. She takes care of the KVAFSU-CUPA Animal Shelter.

6. Mrs. Brindha Nandakumar: - Trustee - 39 - is an advocate. Her professional expertise in dealing with legal matters pertaining to animal laws has been invaluable for the cause of animals. She has many successful cases, to her credit. She also interacts with and gives guidance to young volunteers who are interested in the field of animal care and protection.

7. Mrs. Sandhya Madappa: - Trustee – 48 - has worked as an officer in the State Bank of India for 15 years. An animal activist since 18 years, she was associated with Karuna Animal Welfare Association (formerly SPCA) Bangalore, as Hon. Secretary for 2 years. Her strength is in handling staff related administrative issues and in raising much-needed funds for the work. She takes care of staff matters and fund raising.

Senior Managerial Staff of CUPA:

1. Wg Cdr A.T. Lingaraj is the Executive Officer and in charge of Shelter related matters.

2. Mr. Rama Prakash is in charge of Officer-Administration and takes care of staff matters at the Shelter and at the ABC Centre.

3. Mr. Bala Subramaniam is Manager at the ABC Centre and takes care of staff, records and the entire ABC Programme at the Koramangala ABC Centre.

4. Dr. Basavana Gowda, Senior Veterinarian, is in charge of the CUPA Animal Care Clinic and when required, the Shelter.

5. Dr. H.D. Lohith, Senior Veterinarian takes care of the Shelter and when needed, the ABC Centre. He also performs sterilisations of stray dogs.

6. Dr. Madhu Rao, Veterinarian, takes care of the ABC Centre and performs sterilisations of stray dogs.

7. Dr. Pawan Kumar, Veterinarian, performs sterilisations of stray dogs at the ABC Centre and takes care of the Shelter animals.

Section III – Decision Making Authority & Accountability

This centre is exclusively for the sterilisation, vaccination against rabies and euthanisation of stray dogs. Mr. Bala Subramaniam, with Trustee & Hon. Secretary, Mrs. Sanober Bharucha is in-charge.

The BMP has constituted a Monitoring Committee for the ABC/ARV/ Euthanisation programme wherein records of work done are submitted to the BMP by the fifth of each month for the work completed the previous month.

Background to ABC/ARV Programme

The killing of stray dogs had been prevalent in Bangalore until May 1999 when the electrocution unit was dismantled. CUPA has past records showing over 100 dogs killed per day for many years….this, when Bangalore was a much smaller city, and such continuous killing should have resulted in a zero population of street dogs. However, this only proved that such mass slaughter did not eliminate or even control the stray dog population of the city.

Stray Dog Census:

A census of stray dogs in 2000 by PFA, Bangalore Chapter showed 74,000 stray dogs and State Government Animal Husbandry Department Livestock census in Nov' 2003 showed 56,146 stray dogs. This showed a reduction by 21%.

Initiation of ABC/ARV/RE-VACCINATION/EUTHANASIA Programme by BMP:

It is the responsibility of the City Corporation – BMP to provide a healthy and clean environment. As regards stray dog management, they wished to supplement their efforts and out-source a part of their work in this field. The Animal Birth Control (Dog) Rules 2001 (as part of the prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act 1960 – a Central Act) also stipulates that NGOs assist, support and supplement the BMP activities in this area.

In April 2003, it became a full-fledged BMP Programme, with the 100 wards of Bangalore, segmented for convenience, into 10 packages. After tenders were called for, the task was entrusted to four animal welfare organisations and the State Animal Husbandry Department, to catch 400 dogs per package, sterilise 300 and euthanize 100 unfit dogs, which were sick or rabid, every month.

Apart from sterilization, vaccination and euthanasia of sick dogs, each package has to re-vaccinate 300 previously sterilised & vaccinated dogs. Until date, this is followed, and the areas serviced by the agencies are as follows:

* CUPA: 34 wards of package 8,9,10 from ward nos 67 to 99.
* Karuna Animal Welfare Society: 15 wards of packages 1 & 2.
* Krupa…..Loving animals: 18 wards of packages 3 & 4
* Animal Rights Fund: 23 wards of packages 5 & 6
* State Animal Husbandry Department: 10 wards of package 7

The task of stray dog management involves:

* Catching unsterilized dogs / releasing operated and vaccinated animals using vehicles, fuel, and man– power.
* Sheltering dogs involves pre-clinical examinations, operations, medications, feed, water and sanitation.
* Euthanasia involves medications and disposal.

The above exercise costs not less than Rs.420/- per dog. Yet CUPA supplements these costs despite delayed payments from the BMP.

CUPA’s costs are as follows as per the Tender figures given to BBMP:

a) Cost of ABC (including ARV) per Male dog : Rs 375-00
b) Cost of ABC (Including ARV) per Female dogs: Rs 395-00
c) Cost of ARV per dog : Rs. 40-00 (Termed Re-vaccination - not involving Sterilisation)
d) Cost of Euthanasia : Rs. 60-00

These costs include the following:

Medications for sterilisations
Medications for Euthanasia
Salaries including PF & Insurance
Over-time for staff
Release expenses
Anti-Rabies vaccinations for sterilised dogs & re-vaccination programme
Vehicle maintenance that is heavy due to frequent runs
Diesel
Cleaning agents
Staff Uniforms
Anti-rabies vaccinations for staff handling the dogs
Medical equipments
Feeding
Stationary
Bowls, chains, collars etc.
Electricity charges
Water charges
Telephone charges
Hiring charges for the BBMP Dog catching vans

Constraints:

* The city has grown exponentially in the last few years. Many areas have a single street separating the City Municipal Corporation (CMC) areas from the Bangalore Mahanagara Palike (BMP) areas. The CMC areas have no dog control management in place.

* CUPA, as the other agencies, have been strictly instructed not to operate outside BMP limits, even if there are dogs in areas which are just one road away from a particular ward. Since people and dogs cross freely, and in the absence of any control or management programme in the city municipalities, dogs are breeding and multiplying in these neglected areas. The figures, be they bites, canine numbers or pups etc, are added onto Bangalore City's ABC programme.

* Slum dwellers, people in the low-income areas are highly protective of their dogs. They do not readily give them up for sterilisation. CUPA has often filed police complaints because the dog-catching staff was assaulted while catching dogs.

* Further, many people often breed so-called pedigrees and dogs not sold, are abandoned, adding to the existing stray dog population.

* Defence areas: These are campuses with vast acres and the dog squad can spend the whole day and catch only 1 or 2 dogs. These become breeding grounds.

* Limited Vehicles: With only two functional dog-catching vehicles, for the 34 wards of Bangalore City, an approximate area of 100 sq. km., there is a tremendous constraint on basic resources to address critical issues .These issues need to be addressed urgently by the City administration.

Medical Aspects:

* The programme stipulates complete ovario-hysterectomy, so that females do not reproduce or come to heat after operation.

* In males, complete castration is the norm. Male dogs tend to become less aggressive due to lack of testosterone because of this surgical intervention.

* Ear notching in a U-shape is done surgically to permanently ensure identification of operated dogs.

* During the revaccination programme, detailed records of not just the wards, but also the exact locations of dogs are maintained, and revaccination the next year is carried out in those exact places. Plastic coloured tape collars are used, to identify recently vaccinated animals. Records are available at the CUPA ABC Centre at Dog Pound, Koramangala, for verification.

Release: Van supervisors maintain detailed records, as the programme is effective only when operated dogs are returned to the same areas. Records are available at the CUPA ABC Centre at Dog Pound, Koramangala for verification.

Inspections: Reproductive organs are stored in formalin, and health inspectors from the BMP come once or twice in a week and count them to verify that the numbers tally with the number of sterilisations conducted. These organs are colour dyed to ensure complete transparency while counting. Senior Health Officers of the BMP very often visit the centre unannounced.

Cost of human anti-Rabies vaccinations can reduce if the intra-dermal method of vaccination is followed, like in Thailand and Sri Lanka.

Legal:

The subject falls under the Animal Birth Control ( Dogs ) Rules, 2001 wherein all healthy stray dogs shall be sterilized, vaccinated against Rabies and released in the same locality ( Rule 7 ) and the sick, diseased and mortally injured dogs shall be euthanized painlessly ( Rule 9 )and rabid dogs shall be isolated and NOT put back on streets ( Rule 10 ).

Rule 13 of the previously mentioned The ABC Rules overrides & prevails over all other Rules and Regulations, including the provisions of Karnataka Municipal Corporations Act, Karnataka Municipalities Act and Karnataka Police Act, which stipulate destruction of stray and ownerless dogs.

BENEFITS OF ANIMAL BIRTH CONTROL/ANTI-RABIES VACCINATION & EUTHANISATION PROGRAMME:

• Dogs do not breed and multiply. Puppies on Bangalore streets are visible, more as a matter of exception, than rule.
• Existing sterilized dogs will not allow new dogs to enter since dogs are territorial animals
• Prevents increase in dog population.

1. Control of Rabies - Rabies needs to be controlled in dogs first - administering ARV vaccines to dogs prevents the spread of rabies.
For the last 3 years, Bangalore city has been Rabies-free. It can be attributed to factors like increased awareness, availability of vaccines in BMP Health centres and increased inoculation of all dogs – stray, guardian and pet, through the ABC programme.

2. Control of nuisance factor - Nuisance, such as barking, fighting and aggression happens during mating season. Sterilisation prevents females from coming into heat and gradually reduces testerone levels in males.

In Bangalore, 16341 bites were recorded in the period from April 2006-Feb.2007. Out of these, 6633 were PET DOG bites representing 41%. (Source: BMP Health Department Records).

This presents an average of 0.138 % of stray dog bites of Bangalore's 100-ward city population of approx. 70 lakhs. This is well below the national average of 1.74% of dog bites.

3. Chasing - This is not true of all dogs. Such dogs, with residents' help should be be identified and removed. Veracity of the complaint must be checked, to prevent harmless, innocent animals from being removed.

Stray dogs are domestic animals living with man from time immemorial - majority of them are owned or partially owned by people - belong to poorer sections of society ( watchmen, dhobiwallahs, slum-dwellers and even beggars ) - middle class people also look after them, ensuring the sterilisations and vaccinations of stray dogs in their community. Dogs have lived in harmony, for centuries with human beings.

Dogs are domesticated animals. They are not wild or feral & cannot be compared with wild animals. They are community dogs as they live, eat & sleep with people on the streets.

The World Health Organisation (WHO) has recommended ABC along with other techniques for rabies and stray dog control after the failure of the culling or only killing programme. Report is available on request.

Section IV - Standard Operating Procedures:

STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES FOR VETERINARIANS:

To maintain the high levels of aseptic conditions in the operation theatre, CUPA Veterinarians are required to adhere to the following regulations for good welfare practices for sterilisation of dogs:

I. SCRUBBING UP THE DOG:

•The ABC Attender must prepare the dog for surgery in the following manner:
• Shaving of surgical site with undiluted savlon & a safety razor. Electric razor may be used.
• The surgical site must be cleaned 3 to 4 times thoroughly with separate cotton wool swabs – NOT THE SAME cotton swab.
• Preparation must be supervised by the Veterinarian.

II. SCRUBBING UP OF THE VETERINARIAN & ATTENDERS’ HANDS:

• Wash hands thoroughly with savlon or any cleansing agent at least twice.
•Do not touch the tap, bottles or soaps after scrubbing.
• Put on sterile gloves, wash after each surgery and apply antiseptic liquid before operating on the next animal.

III. PROCEDURES FOR OPERATION THEATRE:

•The Manager must ensure that all the equipments are in working condition. These include:
•cautery
•autoclave
•sterilizer
•All the essential medicines and injections to be used in case of an emergency MUST be kept ready and at hand.

IV. STERILISING OF SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS:

•Make sure that all the instruments are properly sterilised before use.
• Ensure sufficient medical packs are ready before starting the operations.

V. SURGICAL PROCEDURES TO BE FOLLOWED:

• ANAESTHESIA: Ensure that the dog is adequately anaesthetised and DOES NOT wake up mid-surgery.
• MEDICAL PACKS: Each Veterinarian should ideally use 1 sterilized, surgical pack per animal, but may increase it to 1 per 2 females and 1 per 3 males. Please note that the number of dogs should not be increased per pack.
• INSTRUMENTS: The instruments should be sterilised before use on EACH dog. DO NOT use the same instrument without cleansing it (COLD STERILISATION NOT BE DONE), on the next dog.
• NEWSPAPER : Place newspaper below the dog to prevent the body temperature of the dog dropping and to keep the table clean.
• DRAPES: Use disposable surgical drapes, preferably which can be clamped in case they tend to slip. The time and labour involved in washing cloth drapes can be avoided. Disposable drapes can be re-used and easier cleaned than cloth drapes. Disposable or cloth drapes to be used one per animal. The same drape should not be used on the next dog.
•NEEDLES: Necessarily, use 1 fresh needle per dog. The same needle should NOT be used for the next dog. All the needles can be sterilised and re-used.
•SKIN CLOSURE: Each layer of skin must be stitched and closed separately.

Ensure that the cut ends of the sutures are tucked in since the ends can carry infections. This MUST be done.

VI. MAINTENANCE OF REGISTERS:

• Veterinarians MUST regularly maintain the following:

•Medical Stock books.
• No. of sterilisations conducted.

VII. ADHERENCE TO MEDICAL PROCEDURES:

• Indenting of fresh medications only on verification of old stock of medications in hand must be done.
•Veterinarians are not allowed to permit attenders to access to the medicine cupboards.
• Veterinarians are not to leave the pre- and post-operative procedures to the attenders. Their presence is mandatory to monitor and supervise at all times.
• It is the Veterinarian’s final decision not to operate on a dog that he/she feels is not in adequate medical fitness to be operated upon.

Section V – List of Registers & Records:

List of Registers and records maintained at the ABC Centre for each of the 3 packages:

1. No. of male and female dogs caught by the dog vans everyday.
2. Complaints received and attended by the dog squad.
3. Organs register checked by the BBMP Health Officers.
4. Euthanasia Register with date of operation, date of death and reason for death with vet’s signature.
5. Sterilisations conducted by each Veterinarian.
6. Anti-rabies vaccinations given to each dog by Veterinarian.
7. Log book for each dog van
8. A master register with dogs caught, sterilised, vaccinated, re-vaccinated and euthanized.
9. Medical Stocks
10. Stock register for movable & immovable items at Centre.
11. List of releases
12. Attendance Register

Section VI – Management of public complaints:

Addressing of Public complaints:

* Complaints are received by phone and in writing pertaining to only those that are within the 34 wards of BBMP allotted to CUPA.
* These are recorded in registers, package wise and written in a separate complaint form.
* These forms are given to each supervisor as per their Package complaints.
* The signatures of the complainant and residents are taken after the dogs are caught.
* The BBMP Health Inspectors also accompany the vans addressing complaint areas and signatures are taken.

COMPASSION UNLIMITED PLUS ACTION

PROFORMA OF COMPLAINTS REGISTERED ON STRAY DOGS ISSUE

Date of Complaint: ________________

Name of Complainant: __________________________________

Address of Complainant: ________________________________

________________________________________________

Phone/Mobile No: ___________________________________

Date of Attending: ___________________

Ward No. & Area attended:___________________________________

Dog Van No: ___________________

Supervisor In-Charge: ___________________________________

Total No. of dogs caught: Male: ____Female: __Puppies: ___Total: ______

Sig. of Complainant: _________________

Comments, if any: ______________________________________

Sig. of Supervisor:         Sig. of Veterinarian-in-charge

Section VII – List of Employees:

List of Employees at ABC Centre:

If there is increased absenteeism or staff shortage, staff is called from CUPA Shelter to assist.

Dr. Gowda and Dr. Lohith went to Sri Lanka, to participate in an international programme of ABC/ARV for the stray and community dogs, soon after the Tsunami tragedy, which struck the island on December 2005.

Section VIII – Execution of the ABC/ARV/Euthanisation Programme

Advance programme for catching dogs in health Office (East) Zone:

Execution of the ABC Programme:

# The dogs vans go to the respective wards, at times, accompanied by the BBMP Health Inspectors. Dogs caught are ones that are diseased, aggressive as per complaints and dogs that are unsterilised.
# On arrival at the ABC Centre, they are colour coded with paint marks identifying the area that they have come from.
# They are shifted out and the healthy and friendly dogs are selected for sterilisation.
# The dogs are sterilised in aseptic conditions and kept in individual kennels.
# These dogs are dewormed and vaccinated against rabies.
# After ensuring that the surgery wound has healed and as per their colour markings, dogs are released back in the same areas that they were caught from.
# The dogs found unsuitable to live on the streets are humanely euthanized.

Re-Vaccination Schedule:

Veterinarian along with 2 dog catchers and auto – driver visit each locality as per a pre-planned schedule. The dogs on the street are caught and administered anti-rabies injections. These dogs are marked with a nylon green collar. This collar falls off after 4 to 6 months.

The dogs in a particular area are re-vaccinated in this manner covering a specific section of the city. The coloured collars identify dogs that have been vaccinated during the month. The chance of the same dog being re-vaccinated does not happen, as a rule.

Section IX (A) – Payments received from the BMP & how it is spent on the ABC/ARV Programme

Expenditure details of grant received from the BBMP:

As per the Memorandum of Understanding with BBMP, payments should be ‘in advance’ for a period of 4 months. The following table is from October 2000 to March 2003. Fund was allocated for sterilisation and vaccination of 600 dogs and re-vaccination of 150 dogs per month.

These payments were for specifically the following:

Section IX (B)

Details of payments received from BBMP and how it is spent:

Payments from October 2006 to March 2007 are outstanding from the BBMP amounting to approx.Rs. 24 lakhs

These costs include the following:

Section X – Performance of CUPA for the ABC/ARV/Euthanisation Programme

In May 1999, BMP discontinued the electrocution. Thereafter, partial ABC/ARV/EUTHANASIA was started in October 2000 as a pilot project.

CUPA FIGURES FOR THE ABC/ARV/EUTHANASIA PROGRAMME FROM OCTOBER 2000 TO February 2007.

•   *32 dogs carried forward to 2004-05
•   ** extra dogs carried forward from previous year
•   *** extra dogs in ABC center

There may be discrepancies in the numbers caught as against dogs sterilized and euthanized. This is because many community dogs were brought in directly by members of the public or by the animal ambulance. CUPA has not claimed any amounts from the BMP, for these extra dogs.

As per the Board Meeting held on 28th April 2005, Mrs. Sanober Z. Bharucha was nominated as the Public Information Officer.